Volume 31 #1

Contents

1. Sensory properties of reward pattern affect food preferences in rats
2. Probable role of p38 MAP-kinase in reception of infrared irradiation
3. Investigation of Src-kinase inhibitor PP2 effects on modulation of slow sodium channels by ouabain
4. Perimetric assessment of a blind zone margin at the extreme periphery of human temporal retina
5. LogMAR for visual acuity is worse than horsepower for electric lamp
6. Bright light induced freezing behavior in American cockroach, Periplaneta americana
7. Analysis of human eye movements in the management of self-propelled chassis with video eye-tracking interface system
8. Mechanisms of transduction of olfactory signals: the possible role of the contractive apparatus of the olfactory ciliae
9. Architecture of a system for computer vision-based vehicle detection and classification under natural conditions
10. Localization of a stereo camera equipped robot using poles with known location as landmarks

A hypothesis is proposed whereby the activation of Cl-channels in the chain of olfactory transduction is activated indirectly with respect to the activation of the contractive apparatus of the olfactory cilia. At the rst stage, activation of the olfactory elements of the brils of the olfactory cilia with Са2+-ions provide smooth uctuations of the signals of the olfactory receptors, G-proteins, adenylatecyclase of type III and cation cATP-dependent channels. In this case, the Са2+ current signal is transformed integrally into mechanical stress of bril along the length of the olfactory cilium. At the second stage the integral change of bril contraction by mechanical effect on the sensory membrane caused activation of Cl-channels grouped in the membrane of the basal portion of the cilium directly in the zone of the development of the generator potential. The mechanism under discussion throws a new light on the role on the olfactory cilia in transduction of the olfactory signals and, as based on the integral function of their contractive apparatus, interpret rationally some fundamental and mutually contradictory properties of olfactory reception as rapidity of action, sensitivity and selectivity.

Key words: оolfactory receptor protein, G-protein, cATP-dependent cation channels, Са2+-controlled chlorine channels, potassium- sodium-chloride co-transport, olfactory cilia, olfactory sensitivity, selectivity, speed

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