Volume 40 #1

Contents

1. Neuronal Activity in the Temporal Cortex of the Unanesthetized Cat Synchronized with Respiration
2. Behavioral Responses of the European Corn Borer to Ultrasonic Signals in Laboratory and Field Conditions
3. Temporal Thresholds of Moving Sound Source Localization in Patients with Chronic Sensoryneural Hearing Loss and Central Auditory Processing Disorders
4. Apperception Factors in Speech Signal Detection under Background of Spatially Distributed Multi-Speaker Noise
5. The Effect of Glycine on Olfactory Sensitivity in Wistar Rats Mediated by an Excitatory Glycine Receptor
6. Two-Channel Mechanism for Encoding Orientations in the Visual System

The article is devoted to the study of the mechanism of encoding line orientations in the visual system based on spherical models of stimulus discrimination within the framework of a vector approach to encoding sensory features developed within the E.N. Sokolov school. A comparative analysis of the model of line orientations with the model of line segments revealed their fundamental similarity and suggested the presence of a universal two-channel mechanism (two-channel module) encoding of orientations.. The two-channel orientation module is considered as a functional combination of the detector elements of the visual system, as a result of which the orientations of the image elements are recognized. The vector model of the two-channel orientation module is a spherical model for distinguishing stimuli: lines and segments with different orientation angles in the visual field. In this model, stimuli are represented by points on the surface of a two-dimensional sphere, the spherical coordinate of which corresponds to the subjective characteristic of stimulus recognition - orientation, and the linear coordinates of the model reflect the activation of the detector elements of the visual system that ensure the recognition process. The data obtained indicate that when perceiving lines or segments with a varying angle of inclination, the overall structure of the module does not change: it remains two-channel and encoding of orientation. The changes are related to the properties of its constituent detector elements, which are included in the two-channel module for recognizing the orientation of a particular image. The mechanisms of changing the properties of neural channels in a two-channel orientation module are discussed. According to one hypothesis, depending on the visual task, neural channels with different detection properties are included in the module. According to another hypothesis, the neural channels of the orientation module are fixed, but they flexibly change their settings depending on the image.

Key words: vector model of encoding orientations, spherical space of stimuli, visual perception of line orientations, visual perception of segment orientations, two-channel orientation module

DOI: 10.7868/S3034593626010062

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